Leg Training 101
One of my personal favorite days is โleg dayโ, in regards to weight training; nothing can really get the blood pumping more than a good leg workout. Hopefully reading this article can help you build out those legs into something very impressive.
The leg is a very big muscle group; it is composed of 4 major parts: calves, hamstrings, glutes, and quads. This article will aim to cover all four, to provide you with good literature to help advise and motivate you with your goal of big and cut legs.
Quads Workout
The anatomy of the Quads:
Your quads are comprised of four muscles: rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus lateralis and vastus intermedius. This group of muscles is found on the front of your thigh. They are found on the top of the femus and attach all the way down to the tibia.
The only exception to this is the rectus femoris as this muscle originated on the pelvis and goes around the hip joint. A joint combination of thick/big musclesย and low body fat will give you that cut teardrop look to your quads.
The main function and purpose of the quadriceps: to straighten and extend the leg via the knee. The rectus femoris shares the same function and purpose but it also acts as a flexor for the hip.
The different parts of the Quadriceps:
The quad is made up of four muscles, the rectus femoris can be found at the topย of the thigh, directly below this muscle is the vastus itermedius. Either side ofย the vastus itermedius you will find the two remaining muscles, which run parallelย to one another. The vastus medialis is found on the inside of the leg and the vastusย lateralis is found on the outside of the leg.
Quad Exercises
- Barbell Back Squat
- Barbell Step-Ups
- Leg Extensions
- Smith Machine One Leg Squat
- Smith Machine Squat
- Zecher Squat
- Jefferson Squat
- Bodyweight Jump Squat
- Dumbbell Squats
- Barbell Single Leg Squat
- Barbell Side Split Squats
- Weighted Sissy Squat
- Bodyweight Sissy Squat
- Barbell Hack Squat
- Barbell Front Quat
- Dumbbell Step-Ups
- Close-Stance Leg Press
- Machine Hip Adduction
- Machine Hip Abduction
- Cable Hip Abduction
- Cable Hip Adduction
- Smith Machine Deadlift
- Dumbbell Deadlift
- Barbell Deadlifts
- Walking Dumbbell Lunges
- Walking Barbell Lunges
- Dumbbell Lunges
- Barbell Lunges
- Wide-Stance Leg Press
Quad Workouts
- Workout 1
- Barbell squats: 3 x 8-12
- Leg Press: 3 x 8-12
- Walking Lunges: 3 x 8-12
- Leg Extension: 3 x 8-12
- Workout 2
- Barbell Squat: 3 x 8-12
- Barbell Front Squat: 3 x 8-12
- Barbell Deadlift: 3 x 8-12
- Barbell Step-ups: 3 x 8-12
- Workout 3
- Smith Machine Squat: 3 x 8-12
- Dumbbell Deadlift: 3 x 8-12
- Close-Stance Leg Press: 3 x 8-12
- Walking Dumbbell Lunges: 3 x 8-12
- Workout 4
- Jefferson Squat: 3 x 8-12
- Smith Machine Deadlift: 3 x 8-12
- Wide-Stance Leg Press: 3 x 8-12
- Leg Extension: 3 x 8-12
- Workout 5
- One-Leg Squat: 3 x 8-12 (each leg)
- Bodyweight Jump Squat: 3 x 8-12
- Hip Abduction: 3 x 8-12
- Hip Adduction: 3 x 8-12
Hamstring Workout
The anatomy of the hamstrings:
Weโre going to go over all the different parts of the hamstring, so you haveย a better understanding on each specific part of the muscles.
On the media side at the back of the thigh is where you will find the semimembranosus muscle, it comes from the hip at the tuberosity of the ishium, from this point itย then goes down the back of the leg and onto the medial condyle of the tibia.
Semitendinosus:
Originating at the posterior and medial areaย of the thigh is the semitendinosus muscle, it comes from the same place as the semimembranosus, the slight difference is that it attaches onto the medial surface of the tibia.
Biceps Femoris:
The biceps femoris is a muscle that has twoย heads to it, there is a long head and a short head. The long head originates atย the inner impression of the tuberosity of the ischium, it then follows downwardsย until it attaches on the lateral condyle of the tibia.
The short head sectionย of the muscle originates between two muscles; the adductor Magnus and vatus lateralis.ย It then stretches up as far glute muscles at the insertion. The adductorย Magnusย is found on the bottom section of the ischial tuberosity and is attached to theย tubercle, this is underneath the medial condyle on the tibia. The adductor magnusmain purpose is hip extension.
Different Hamstring Exercises
- Dumbbell Lunges
- Barbell Lunges
- Smith Machine Stiff-Leg Deadlifts
- Squats
- Glute Ham Raises
- Barbell Good Mornings
- Seated Leg Curls
- Lying Leg Curls
- Standing Leg Curls
- Lying Bodyweight Flutter Kicks
- Stability Ball Flutter Kicks
- Barbell Stiff-Leg Deadlifts
- Dumbellย Stiff-Leg Deadlifts
Hamstring Workouts
- Workout 1
- Barbell Stiff-Leg Deadlift 3 x 8-12
- Barbell Lunges 3 x 8-12
- Lying Leg Curls 3 x 8-12
- Glute-Ham Raises 3 x 8-12
- Workout 2
- Lying Leg Cuds 3 x 8-12
- Barbell Lunges 3 x 8-12
- Dumbbell Stiff-Leg Deadlifts 3 x 8-12
- Barbell Good Mornings 3 x 8-12
- Workout 3
- Seated Leg curls 3 x 8-12
- Dumbbell Stiff-Leg Deadlift 3 x 8-12
- Dumbbell Lunges 3 x 8-12
- Barbell Good Mornings 3 x 8-12
- Workout 4
- Squats 3 x 8-12
- Barbell Stiff-Leg Deadlift 3 x 8-12
- Glute-Ham Raise 3 x 8-12
- Lying Bodyweight Flutter Kicks 3 x 8-12
- Workout 5
- Squats 3 x 8-12
- Dumbbell Lunges 3 x 8-12
- Smith Machine Stiff-Leg Deadlifts 3 x 8-12
- Glute-Ham Raises 3 x 8-12
- Workout 6
- Standing Leg Cuds 3 x 8-12
- Barbell Stiff-Leg Deadlift 3 x 8-12
- Dumbbell Lunges 3 x 8-12
- Stability Ball Flutter Kicks 3 x 8-12
Calves Workout
The anatomy of the calves:
The calf is made up of three muscles and one small muscle; The Gastrocnemius,ย Soleus and the Plantaris.
Gastrocnemius:
The gastrocnemius is the muscle that youย typically think of as the calf muscle, this is the visible muscle you can see inย the calf, and it has two heads; the medial and lateral heads. The gastrocnemiusย muscle is attached from the Achilles tendon to the femur (which is situated behindย the knee).
Soleus:
The soleus is a muscle is not visible, as it liesย beneath another muscle, unlike the gastrocnemius which is visible. It also has twoย heads; medial head and lateral head. The media head Is found on the posterior tibia
and the long head is found on the posterior fibula. Both of these heads come togetherย and join at the calcaneal tendon.
Plantaris:
Unlike the other two muscles, the plantaris isย a small muscle, the long tendon for which passes in between the soleus and gastrocnemius
and then inserts into the calcaneus. It is found at the lateral epicondyle of theย femur which is just above the lateral head of the gastrocnemius.
Different parts of the calf:
Gastrocnemius:
The main function of the gastrocnemius isย the elevation of the heel (plantar flexion). It is used to push your weight offย the ball of your foot, without this muscle it would be incredibly difficult to walk.
Soleus:
The soleus shares the same function as the gastrocnemius;ย lifting weight off the ball of your foot, i.e. lifting your heel. The only noticeableย difference is the soleus is worked more when the knee is bent more. A good exampleย would be seated calf raises.
Plantaris:
This muscle aidsย in the plantar flexion movement but is weaker in comparison to the soleus and gastrocnemius.
Different Calf Exercises
- Seated Dumbbell Calf Raises
- Standing Cable Calf Raises
- Donkey Calf Raises
- Calf Press on Leg Press Machine
- Single Leg Dumbbell Calf Raises
- Machine Standing Calf Raises
- Machine Seated Calf Raises
- Standing Barbell Calf Raises
- Seated Barbell Calf Raises
- Smith Machine Standing Calf Raises
- Smith Machine Reverse Standing Calf Raises
- Smith Machine Seated Calf Raises
- Standing Dumbbell Calf Raises
Calf Workouts
- Workout 1
- Standing Barbell Calf Raises 4 x 15
- Seated Barbell Calf Raises 4 x 15
- Donkey Calf Raises 4 x 15
- Workout 2
- Standing Barbell Calf Raises 4 x 15
- Standing One-Leg Dumbbell Calf Raises 4 x 15
- Seated Dumbbell Car Raises 4 x 15
- Workout 3
- Smith Machine Standing Calf Raises 4 x 15
- Standing One-Leg Calf Raises 4 x 15
- Donkey Calf Raises 4 x 15
- Workout 4
- Calf Press on Leg Press Machine 4 x 15
- Machine Standing Calf Raises 4 x 15
- Machine Seated Calf Raises 4 x 15
- Workout 5
- Calf Press on Leg Press Machine 4 x 15
- Standing Barbell Calf Raises 4 x 15
- Machine Seated Calf Raises 4 x 15
- Workout 6 (Smith Machine)
- Smith Machine Reverse Standing Calf Raises 4 x 15
- Smith Machine Standing Calf Raises 4 x 15
- Smith Machine Seated Calf Raises 4 x 15
- Workout 7
- Standing Bodyweight Calf Raises 6 x 15
- Standing One-Leg Bodyweight Calf Raises 6 x 15
Quick advice:
The calves usually respond better to higher reps; somewhere inย the region of 15 reps. Try to find what works best for you. What youโre lookingย for Is good muscle contraction, you want a nice stretched at the bottom of the momentย and a solid contraction at the top. Itโs important to keep a steady pace throughoutย the rep and not to bounce during the movement, keeping the movement as controlled
as possible.
Leg Training 101 Conclusions
Hopefully, this article has given you a better understanding of your leg musclesย and will help towards building out your leg muscles with added thickness and width.ย The legs can be an overlooked part of bodybuilding by regular gym โgoersโ so Iย hope this has inspired and educated some who neglect one of the best parts of theย body to train.
As always, itโs important that you use good technique and form when performingย any leg workout. You really want to feel the movement you choose in your leg muscleย and always aim for a good muscle contraction. If you arenโt achieving this thanย youโre either using incorrect form and technique or the weight youโre using is tooย heavy.
Happy Lifiting!