It’s very possible to argue that the front deltoids are an overdeveloped part of the shoulders. This is because, during chest exercises and variations of the overhead press, the front delts are heavily activated. However, most people are likely nowhere near the point of having overdeveloped front delts, and therefore, we present you with the barbell front raise.
Now, many exercisers do these with dumbbells and that’s a great option too. But barbells typically allow us to overload a muscle to the max while reducing the temptation to use too much momentum.
Here’s a guide to the barbell front raise…
In This Exercise:
- Target Muscle Group: Deltoid anterior
- Type: strength and hypertrophy
- Mechanics: Isolation
- Equipment: Barbell
- Difficulty: Beginner
Muscles Worked
This one’s pretty obvious because if you do have any experience with training, you’d know front raises work the front or anterior head of the shoulder. If you’re not familiar with the anatomy of the shoulders though, it has three heads which are the anterior, lateral (side), and posterior (rear) heads.
There are also three bones that make up the structure of the shoulders which include the scapula (shoulder blade), clavicle (collarbone), and humerus (upper arm bone). There are four joints of the shoulder although the glenohumeral joint is probably one you’ve heard of the most.
It facilitates the function of the shoulder as a ball and socket joint and is stabilized by the rotator cuff. It also attaches to the tendon of the biceps and triceps brachii and plays a big role in the various movements of the shoulder.
Collectively, the heads of the shoulders act as the prime mover during abduction (away from the midline of the body) of the arms laterally to the body. They also prevent the dislocation of the humeral head when carrying objects where the arm is pressed against the body.
Here are the main muscles worked during the barbell front raise…
Deltoid Anterior
The deltoid anterior is located on the front of the arm above the biceps and it lies adjacent to the later fibers of the pectoralis major. The anterior fibers work with the pectoralis major to flex the shoulder. It also works with the subscapularis, pecs, and lats to medially rotate the humerus.
Deltoid Lateral
The intermediate fibers function to abduct the shoulders when internally rotated. It also facilitates shoulder transverse abduction when the shoulder is externally rotated.
Pectoralis Major Clavicular Head
The pectoralis major clavicular head flexes the humerus (extended arm).
Serratus Anterior
The serratus anterior is located along the upper eight or nine ribs. It functions to help rotate or move the scapula (shoulder blade) forward and up, therefore assisting in movements that raise the arms overhead.
How To Do The Barbell Front Raise
If you do this exercise right, you’ll definitely reap the reward by adding more muscle. Here’s a step-by-step for how to do it…
- Grip the barbell with hands shoulder-width apart and feet positioned at about hip-width. Hold the barbell down by the front of your thighs.
- Maintain an erect posture with shoulders about neutral or retracted.
- While keeping the elbows straight or slightly bent, raise your arms up in front of you to eye or shoulder level.
- Slowly lower the bar and repeat.
Tip/s: Start light and get the form down. There’s no need to try and jump to maximum poundages as it’ll limit the effectiveness of the exercise and place unnecessary stress on your joints. You also want your arms to be positioned parallel and not too narrow or wide to maximize results.
3 Front Raise Variations
While using a barbell is great, it’s not the only option.
Dumbbell front raise
Dumbbells allow for a freer range of movement and also allow you to identify a strength imbalance between your left and right side. Not to mention, training unilaterally (affecting one side) allows you to correct an imbalance while also activating more stabilizer muscles in general.
Feel free to use any grip (e.g. overhand underhand neutral) that you feel works best for you.
Also check alternating dumbbell front raise.
Cable front raise
Cables offer a nice variety of options when it comes to training in general because there are many different handles that you can use. But one big benefit of using cables is the constant tension placed on a muscle.
The barbell or dumbbell raises don’t allow for a good stretch and maximization of the eccentric portion unless you’re at an incline where your arms are positioned behind your torso. Of course, you’d be using dumbbells as this isn’t possible with a barbell.
But cables allow for that deep stretch during the eccentric portion of the exercise, especially when using single-grip handles. You can do it either seated or standing.
Plus, it’s always nice to be able to change things up once in a while or to use a variety of training tools to get the job done.
Incline front raise
Many exercisers prefer to use only dumbbells to train shoulders and again, to get that ideal stretch in the muscle, use a bench set at an incline. Of course, it’s also possible to use cables as previously mentioned.
How To Include The Barbell Front Raise in Your Shoulder Routine
There’s nothing complex about including the barbell front raise in your workout routine. But depending on the amount of attention or degree of focus you want to place on the front delts, you’ll have to decide where and how it should fit in.
For example, if your front delts are underdeveloped, then you might want to do a few sets of the barbell front raise first in your shoulder workouts before any other exercises. However, if you do have underdeveloped front delts then you may not be doing enough heavy and consistent pressing in general.
If your front delts are overdeveloped compared to the rest of your delts, then a few sets during your shoulder workouts or after a chest session should suffice… or maybe you don’t need much direct front delt work at all. You have to look at yourself and see where you’re well-developed or underdeveloped and then structure your training accordingly.
Sets/Reps
Sets and reps will vary depending on the individual. However, 2-3 quality sets of the barbell front raise taken to failure is a good place to start. You should also be doing lots of presses whether the bench press or overhead press which should make up a large part of your shoulder training. Otherwise, you’ll need more isolation work overall.
Now, as far as reps go, this should also vary. Although, it’s never recommended to use maximum poundages with this isolation exercise. It could be very dangerous and most likely not as productive as if you lightened up the weight and performed quality reps.
So with that being said, 6 reps minimum and 20-25 maximum is a good range. Just make sure that you’re using a weight that allows you to reach failure when performing higher reps to ensure optimal muscle overload.
Wrapping Up
The barbell front raise is a great shoulder exercise and we’d definitely recommend that it’s thrown in every now and then. There’s no one-size-fits-all strategy for utilizing this movement but now you have sufficient information to maximize its use as part of your shoulder training arsenal.
